driver core: shut down devices asynchronously

Add code to allow asynchronous shutdown of devices, ensuring that each
device is shut down before its parents & suppliers.

Only devices with drivers that have async_shutdown_enable enabled will be
shut down asynchronously.

This can dramatically reduce system shutdown/reboot time on systems that
have multiple devices that take many seconds to shut down (like certain
NVMe drives). On one system tested, the shutdown time went from 11 minutes
without this patch to 55 seconds with the patch.

Signed-off-by: Stuart Hayes <stuart.w.hayes@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David Jeffery <djeffery@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Sagi Grimberg <sagi@grimberg.me>
Reviewed-by: Keith Busch <kbusch@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Keith Busch <kbusch@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240822202805.6379-4-stuart.w.hayes@gmail.com


Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>