BACKPORT: f2fs: stop checkpoint when get a out-of-bounds segment

There is low probability that an out-of-bounds segment will be got
on a small-capacity device. In order to prevent subsequent write requests
allocating block address from this invalid segment, which may cause
unexpected issue, stop checkpoint should be performed.

Also introduce a new stop cp reason: STOP_CP_REASON_NO_SEGMENT.

Note, f2fs_stop_checkpoint(, false) is complex and it may sleep, so we should
move it outside segmap_lock spinlock coverage in get_new_segment().

Signed-off-by: Zhiguo Niu <zhiguo.niu@unisoc.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>

Change-Id: I268810261ae9d8051eccaf962e737cca7d61978b
Bug: 361829529
(cherry picked from commit f9e28904)
Signed-off-by: Daeho Jeong <daehojeong@google.com>