cpufreq: Add and use cpufreq policy locking guards

Introduce "read" and "write" locking guards for cpufreq policies and use
them where applicable in the cpufreq core.

No intentional functional impact.

Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Acked-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Mario Limonciello <mario.limonciello@amd.com>
Acked-by: Sudeep Holla <sudeep.holla@arm.com>
Tested-by: Sudeep Holla <sudeep.holla@arm.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/8518682.T7Z3S40VBb@rjwysocki.net