PCI: Refactor extended capability search into PCI_FIND_NEXT_EXT_CAP()

Move the extended Capability search logic into a PCI_FIND_NEXT_EXT_CAP()
macro that accepts a config space accessor function as an argument. This
enables controller drivers to perform Capability discovery using their
early access mechanisms prior to full device initialization while sharing
the Capability search code.

Convert the existing PCI core extended Capability search implementation to
use PCI_FIND_NEXT_EXT_CAP().

Signed-off-by: Hans Zhang <18255117159@163.com>
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Tested-by: Niklas Schnelle <schnelle@linux.ibm.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20250813144529.303548-4-18255117159@163.com