md: fix create on open mddev lifetime regression

Commit 9e59d609 ("md: call del_gendisk in control path") moves
setting MD_DELETED from __mddev_put() to do_md_stop(), however, for the
case create on open, mddev can be freed without do_md_stop():

1) open

md_probe
 md_alloc_and_put
  md_alloc
   mddev_alloc
   atomic_set(&mddev->active, 1);
   mddev->hold_active = UNTIL_IOCTL
  mddev_put
   atomic_dec_and_test(&mddev->active)
    if (mddev->hold_active)
    -> active is 0, hold_active is set
md_open
 mddev_get
  atomic_inc(&mddev->active);

2) ioctl that is not STOP_ARRAY, for example, GET_ARRAY_INFO:

md_ioctl
 mddev->hold_active = 0

3) close

md_release
 mddev_put(mddev);
  atomic_dec_and_lock(&mddev->active, &all_mddevs_lock)
  __mddev_put
  -> hold_active is cleared, mddev will be freed
  queue_work(md_misc_wq, &mddev->del_work)

Now that MD_DELETED is not set, before mddev is freed by
mddev_delayed_delete(), md_open can still succeed and break mddev
lifetime, causing mddev->kobj refcount underflow or mddev uaf
problem.

Fix this problem by setting MD_DELETED before queuing del_work.

Reported-by:  <syzbot+9921e319bd6168140b40@syzkaller.appspotmail.com>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/all/68894408.a00a0220.26d0e1.0012.GAE@google.com/


Reported-by:  <syzbot+fa3a12519f0d3fd4ec16@syzkaller.appspotmail.com>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/all/68894408.a00a0220.26d0e1.0013.GAE@google.com/
Fixes: 9e59d609 ("md: call del_gendisk in control path")
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-raid/20250730073321.2583158-1-yukuai1@huaweicloud.com


Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai3@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Paul Menzel <pmenzel@molgen.mpg.de>
Reviewed-by: Xiao Ni <xni@redhat.com>