rust: alloc: specify the minimum alignment of each allocator

The kernel's allocators sometimes provide a higher alignment than the
end-user requested, so add a new constant on the Allocator trait to let
the allocator specify what its minimum guaranteed alignment is.

This allows the ForeignOwnable trait to provide a more accurate value of
FOREIGN_ALIGN when using a pointer type such as Box, which will be
useful with certain collections such as XArray that store its own data
in the low bits of pointers.

Reviewed-by: Benno Lossin <lossin@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Alice Ryhl <aliceryhl@google.com>
Acked-by: Liam R. Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Andreas Hindborg <a.hindborg@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250811-align-min-allocator-v2-1-3386cc94f4fc@google.com


[ Add helper for ARCH_KMALLOC_MINALIGN; remove cast to usize. - Danilo ]
Signed-off-by: Danilo Krummrich <dakr@kernel.org>