[XLA] Fix problems in handling kParameter HLO instruction with negative

parameter number.

When the input is HLO text that contains kParameter instructions with negative
parameter numbers, an HLO tool such as run_hlo_module, crashes in creating the
HloComptation. We fix the HLO parser to report errors instead. Add an HLO
parser test case.

When the input is a binary HLO proto that contains kParameter instructions with
negative parameter numbers, run_hlo_module crashes in verifying the module. We
fix the DynamicParameterBinding verifier to report errors instead. Add an HLO
proto corpus for fuzzing.

PiperOrigin-RevId: 231612816