ART: Fix re-throwing failures of non-convention errors

While it is convention that Throwable subclasses should have a
constructor with a String argument, that is not rigorously enforced.
So if a static initializer throws an error that omits that
constructor, we must not provide a message when trying to throw
again.

Bug: 20495321
Bug: 20497840
Change-Id: Ia4334fa24223750f90a8f2732f1eb1e738575e8d