ART: Allow method references across oat files for multi-image, 2nd attempt.

These were disabled because we didn't have sufficient
information about the multi-image layout when processing
link-time patches in OatWriter. This CL refactors the
ELF file creation so that the information is available.

Also clean up ImageWriter to use oat file indexes instead
of filenames and avoid reopening the oat file to retrieve
the checksum.

Change-Id: Icc7b528deca29da1e473c8f079521a36d6c4892f