[release-branch.go1.14] cmd/go: convert TestBuildIDContainsArchModeEnv to the script framework

Part of converting all tests to script framework to improve
test parallelism.

Fixes #39824
Updates #36320
Updates #17751

Change-Id: I69c69809fb1698c8198ef3ea00103a9acb7b6ce7
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/214387


Run-TryBot: Michael Matloob <matloob@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Jay Conrod <jayconrod@google.com>
(cherry picked from CL 214387)
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/239738


Run-TryBot: Dmitri Shuralyov <dmitshur@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Dmitri Shuralyov <dmitshur@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Michael Matloob <matloob@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Carlos Amedee <carlos@golang.org>