[dev.typeparams] cmd/compile: add types2-based noder

This CL adds "irgen", a new noding implementation that utilizes types2
to guide IR construction. Notably, it completely skips dealing with
constant and type expressions (aside from using ir.TypeNode to
interoperate with the types1 typechecker), because types2 already
handled those. It also omits any syntax checking, trusting that types2
already rejected any errors.

It currently still utilizes the types1 typechecker for the desugaring
operations it handles (e.g., turning OAS2 into OAS2FUNC/etc, inserting
implicit conversions, rewriting f(g()) functions, and so on). However,
the IR is constructed in a fully incremental fashion, so it should be
easy to now piecemeal replace those dependencies as needed.

Nearly all of "go test std cmd" passes with -G=3 enabled by
default. The main remaining blocker is the number of test/run.go
failures. There also appear to be cases where types2 does not provide
us with position information. These will be iterated upon.

Portions and ideas from Dan Scales's CL 276653.

Change-Id: Ic99e8f2d0267b0312d30c10d5d043f5817a59c9d
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/281932


Run-TryBot: Matthew Dempsky <mdempsky@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Go Bot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Dan Scales <danscales@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Robert Griesemer <gri@golang.org>
Trust: Matthew Dempsky <mdempsky@google.com>
Trust: Robert Griesemer <gri@golang.org>