cmd/vet: fix some pointer false positives in printf

fmt's godoc reads:

	For compound objects, the elements are printed using these
	rules, recursively, laid out like this:

		struct:             {field0 field1 ...}
		array, slice:       [elem0 elem1 ...]
		maps:               map[key1:value1 key2:value2 ...]
		pointer to above:   &{}, &[], &map[]

That is, a pointer to a struct, array, slice, or map, can be correctly
printed by fmt if the type pointed to can be printed without issues.

vet was only following this rule for pointers to structs, omitting
arrays, slices, and maps. Fix that, and add tests for all the
combinations.

Updates #27672.

Change-Id: Ie61ebe1fffc594184f7b24d7dbf72d7d5de78309
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/147758


Run-TryBot: Daniel Martí <mvdan@mvdan.cc>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Alan Donovan <adonovan@google.com>