cmd/link: support internal linking on darwin/arm64

Add support of internal linking on darwin/arm64 (macOS).

Still incomplete. Pure Go binaries work. Cgo doesn't. TLS is not
set up when cgo is not used (as before) (so asynchronous
preemption is not enabled).

Internal linking is not enabled by default but can be requested
via -ldflags=-linkmode=internal.

Updates #38485.

Change-Id: I1e0c81b6028edcb1ac26dcdafeb9bb3f788cf732
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/261643


Trust: Cherry Zhang <cherryyz@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Than McIntosh <thanm@google.com>