debug/pe: copy some consts from cmd/link/internal/ld

This CL copies IMAGE_FILE_*, IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_* and
IMAGE_DLLCHARACTERISTICS_* consts from cmd/link/internal/ld package.

The consts are also used in cmd/go and debug/pe tests. So avoid the
duplication.

The consts are defined in

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/debug/pe-format

and might be useful to other Go users.

The CL also adds some related consts.

RELNOTE=yes

Change-Id: Iaa868deaffc7c61051f2273397f3e7e101880a5b
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/222637


Run-TryBot: Alex Brainman <alex.brainman@gmail.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>