bytes: use Rabin-Karp algorithm for LastIndex

Implement LastIndex using the Rabin-Karp algorithm akin to
strings.LastIndex

name              old time/op  new time/op  delta
LastIndexHard1-8  3.16ms ± 1%  1.44ms ± 0%  -54.35%  (p=0.008 n=5+5)
LastIndexHard2-8  3.17ms ± 1%  1.45ms ± 0%  -54.27%  (p=0.008 n=5+5)
LastIndexHard3-8  3.05ms ± 1%  1.44ms ± 1%  -52.58%  (p=0.008 n=5+5)

Change-Id: Ie8ddd179cd84dfa00e3e4e2327ef932975c88670
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/166258


Run-TryBot: Tobias Klauser <tobias.klauser@gmail.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>