cmd/compile/internal/gc: handle arith ops in samesafeexpr

Teach samesafeexpr to handle arithmetic unary and binary ops.

It makes map lookup optimization possible in

	m[k+1] = append(m[k+1], ...)
	m[-k] = append(m[-k], ...)
	... etc

Does not cover "+" for strings (concatenation).

Change-Id: Ibbb16ac3faf176958da344be1471b06d7cf33a6c
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/135795


Run-TryBot: Iskander Sharipov <iskander.sharipov@intel.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>