cmd/go: use shallow clones for new git checkouts

Currently go get will clone the full history of git repos.
We can improve the download waiting time/size by passing depth argument.

The docs about shallow clones and the --depth argument are here:
https://git-scm.com/docs/git-clone
https://git-scm.com/docs/git-pull

Fixes #13078

Change-Id: Ie891d905d9c77f6ecadf7dcd5b44b477f4e079e0
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/16360


Reviewed-by: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>