cmd/go: check for source files in relative paths before attempting to determine the package path

This is a more minimial fix for the immediate symptom of 32917 and
30590, but does not improve 'list -e' behavior or error
messages resulting from other package loading issues.

Fixes #32917
Fixes #30590

Change-Id: I6088d14d864410159ebf228d9392d186322fd2a5
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/185417


Run-TryBot: Bryan C. Mills <bcmills@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Jay Conrod <jayconrod@google.com>