cmd/compile: escape unsafe.Pointer conversions when -d=checkptr

This CL tweaks escape analysis to treat unsafe.Pointer(ptr) as an
escaping operation when -d=checkptr is enabled. This allows better
detection of unsafe pointer arithmetic and conversions, because the
runtime checkptr instrumentation can currently only detect object
boundaries for heap objects, not stack objects.

Updates #22218.
Fixes #34959.

Change-Id: I856812cc23582fe4d0d401592583323e95919f28
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/201781


Run-TryBot: Matthew Dempsky <mdempsky@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Cherry Zhang <cherryyz@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>