runtime: consolidate gcworkdone/gcscanvalid clearing loops

Previously, we had three loops in the garbage collector that all
cleared the per-G GC flags.  Consolidate these into one function.
This one function is designed to work in a concurrent setting.  As a
result, it's slightly more expensive than the loops it replaces during
STW phases, but these happen at most twice per GC.

Change-Id: Id1ec0074fd58865eb0112b8a0547b267802d0df1
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/5881


Reviewed-by: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Rick Hudson <rlh@golang.org>