debug/gosym: simplify parsing symbol name rule

Symbol name with linker prefix like "type." and "go." is not parsed
correctly and returns the prefix as parts of package name.

So just returns empty string for symbol name start with linker prefix.

Fixes #29551

Change-Id: Idb4ce872345e5781a5a5da2b2146faeeebd9e63b
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/156397


Run-TryBot: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>