runtime: scan gp._panic in stack scan

In runtime.gopanic, the _panic object p is stack allocated and
referenced from gp._panic. With stack objects, p on stack is dead
at the point preprintpanics runs. gp._panic points to p, but
stack scan doesn't look at gp. Heap scan of gp does look at
gp._panic, but it stops and ignores the pointer as it points to
the stack. So whatever p points to may be collected and clobbered.
We need to scan gp._panic explicitly during stack scan.

To test it reliably, we introduce a GODEBUG mode "clobberfree",
which clobbers the memory content when the GC frees an object.

Fixes #30150.

Change-Id: I11128298f03a89f817faa221421a9d332b41dced
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/161778


Run-TryBot: Cherry Zhang <cherryyz@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>