runtime: convert hmap.overflow into hmap.extra

Any change to how we allocate overflow buckets
will require some extra hmap storage,
but we don't want hmap to grow,
particular as small maps usually don't need overflow buckets.

This CL converts the existing hmap overflow field,
which is usually used for pointer-free maps,
into a generic extra field.

This extra field can be used to hold data that is optional.
If it is valuable enough to do have special
handling of overflow buckets, which are medium-sized,
it is valuable enough to pay an extra alloc and two extra words for.

Adding fields to extra would entail adding overhead to pointer-free maps;
any mapextra fields added would need to be weighed against that.
This CL is just rearrangement, though.

Updates #19931
Updates #19992

Change-Id: If8537a206905b9d4dc6cd9d886184ece671b3f80
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/40976


Run-TryBot: Josh Bleecher Snyder <josharian@gmail.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>