[dev.typeparams] cmd/compile: call transformArgs before early typecheckaste in noder

In the cases where we do an early call to typecheckaste() in noder to
expose CONVIFACE nodes, we need a preceding call to transformArgs().
This is needed to allow typecheckaste() to run correctly, in the case of
f(g()), where g has multiple return values.

I also cleaned up the code a bit and commented the code in Call(), and
we do the call to typecheckaste() in several more cases.

In stencil.go:stencil(), I moved the transformCall earlier for the
OCALLMETH/ODOTMETH case, just as I did in my previous CL for
OCALL/OFUNCINST. By doing this, transformArgs no longer needs to deal
with the extra dictionary args. Therefore, I was able to simply
transformArgs() to look like typecheckargs() again, and make use of
RewriteMultiValue directly.

Updates #47514

Change-Id: I49eb82ac05707e50c2e2fb03e39458a70491d406
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/340531


Trust: Dan Scales <danscales@google.com>
Run-TryBot: Dan Scales <danscales@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Go Bot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>