cmd/compile: add new escape analysis implementation

This CL adds a new escape analysis implementation, which can be
enabled through the -newescape compiler flag.

This implementation focuses on simplicity, but in the process ends up
using less memory, speeding up some compile-times, fixing memory
corruption issues, and overall significantly improving escape analysis
results.

Updates #23109.

Change-Id: I6176d9a7ae9d80adb0208d4112b8a1e1f4c9143a
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/170322


Run-TryBot: Matthew Dempsky <mdempsky@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: David Chase <drchase@google.com>