Revert "Revert "cmd/compile,runtime: allocate defer records on the stack""

This reverts CL 180761

Reason for revert: Reinstate the stack-allocated defer CL.

There was nothing wrong with the CL proper, but stack allocation of defers exposed two other issues.

Issue #32477: Fix has been submitted as CL 181258.
Issue #32498: Possible fix is CL 181377 (not submitted yet).

Change-Id: I32b3365d5026600069291b068bbba6cb15295eb3
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/181378


Reviewed-by: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>