[release-branch.go1.11] runtime: add test for go function argument scanning

Derived	from Naoki's reproducer.

Update #29565

Change-Id: I1cbd33b38a2f74905dbc22c5ecbad4a87a24bdd1
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/156122


Run-TryBot: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
(cherry picked from commit af432035)
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/156358


Run-TryBot: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>