runtime: always mask shift amount regardless of architecture

Currently the shift amount is only masked on x86. Change it so it
is masked on all architectures. In the worst case we generate a
couple of extra instructions to perform the masking and in the best
case we can elide overflow checks.

This particular shift could also be replaced with a rotate
instruction during optimization which would remove both the masking
instructions and overflow checks on all architectures.

Fixes #31165.

Change-Id: I16b7a8800b4ba8813dc83735dfc59564e661d3b4
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/170122


Run-TryBot: Michael Munday <mike.munday@ibm.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>