runtime: introduce treapForSpan to reduce code duplication

Currently which treap a span should be inserted into/removed from is
checked by looking at the span's properties. This logic is repeated in
four places. As this logic gets more complex, it makes sense to
de-duplicate this, so introduce treapForSpan instead which captures this
logic by returning the appropriate treap for the span.

For #30333.

Change-Id: I4bd933d93dc50c5fc7c7c7f56ceb95194dcbfbcc
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/170857


Run-TryBot: Michael Knyszek <mknyszek@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>