cmd/go: report scan error position in 'go list -e'

This CL extracts some error handling code into a common method for
presenting errors encountered when loading package data.

Fixes #36087
Fixes #36762

Change-Id: I87c8d41e3cc6e6afa152d9c067bc60923bf19fbe
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/210938


Run-TryBot: Jay Conrod <jayconrod@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Michael Matloob <matloob@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Bryan C. Mills <bcmills@google.com>