[release-branch.go1.13] cmd/compile: fix deallocation of live value copies in regalloc

When deallocating the input register to a phi so that the phi
itself could be allocated to that register the code was also
deallocating all copies of that phi input value. Those copies
of the value could still be live and if they were the register
allocator could reuse them incorrectly to hold speculative
copies of other phi inputs. This causes strange bugs.

No test because this is a very obscure scenario that is hard
to replicate but CL 228060 adds an assertion to the compiler
that does trigger when running the std tests on linux/s390x
without this CL applied. Hopefully that assertion will prevent
future regressions.

Fixes #38442.

Change-Id: Id975dadedd731c7bb21933b9ea6b17daaa5c9e1d
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/228061


Run-TryBot: Michael Munday <mike.munday@ibm.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
(cherry picked from commit 382fe3e2)
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/230358