cmd/compile: fix const declaration group broken with closure

In typecheckclosure, a xfunc node will be put to xtop. But that node can
be shared between multiple closures, like in a const declaration group:

const (
	x = unsafe.Sizeof(func() {})
	y
)

It makes a xfunc node appears multiple times in xtop, causing duplicate
initLSym run.

To fix this issue, we only do typecheck for xfunc one time, and setup
closure node earlier in typecheckclosure process.

Fixes #30709

Change-Id: Ic924a157ee9f3e5d776214bef5390849ddc8aab9
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/172298


Reviewed-by: Matthew Dempsky <mdempsky@google.com>
Run-TryBot: Matthew Dempsky <mdempsky@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>