cmd/compile: use only bit patterns in isNonNegative

CL 212777 added a check to isNonNegative
to return true for unsigned values.
However, the SSA backend isn't type safe
enough for that to be sound.
The other checks in isNonNegative
look only at the pattern of bits.
Remove the type-based check.

Updates #37753

Change-Id: I059d0e86353453133f2a160dce53af299f42e533
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/222620


Run-TryBot: Josh Bleecher Snyder <josharian@gmail.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>