test: new test for issue 31637

This pair of packages caused a crash in gollvm, due to a glitch in the
way the front end handles empty/non-name parameters for functions that
are inline candidates.

Updates #31637.

Change-Id: I571c0658a00974dd36025e571638c0c836a3cdfd
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/173617


Run-TryBot: Benny Siegert <bsiegert@gmail.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>