cmd/go: include GOEXPERIMENT flags in tool id for cache key

The go command invokes each tool with -V=full to discover its version
to compute a tool id. For release versions (that don't include the
word "devel"), the go command only used the third word in
the output (e.g., "go1.13"), ignoring any toolchain experiments that
followed. With this change, the go command will use whole version line
in the tool id for release versions.

Also, when -V=full is set and there are non-default experiments,
experiments are no longer printed twice.

Fixes #33091

Change-Id: I19b96f939c7e2fbc5d8befe3659156ee4b58daef
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/186200


Run-TryBot: Jay Conrod <jayconrod@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Bryan C. Mills <bcmills@google.com>