cmd/compile: handle unsafe builtins like universal builtins

Reuse the same mechanisms for handling universal builtins like len to
handle unsafe.Sizeof, etc. Allows us to drop package unsafe's export
data, and simplifies some code.

Updates #17508.

Change-Id: I620e0617c24e57e8a2d7cccd0e2de34608779656
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/31433


Run-TryBot: Matthew Dempsky <mdempsky@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Robert Griesemer <gri@golang.org>