cmd/compile: simplify {defer,resume}checkwidth logic

This CL extends {defer,resume}checkwidth to support nesting, which
simplifies usage.

Updates #33658.

Change-Id: Ib3ffb8a7cabfae2cbeba74e21748c228436f4726
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/192721


Run-TryBot: Matthew Dempsky <mdempsky@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Cuong Manh Le <cuong.manhle.vn@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Robert Griesemer <gri@golang.org>