runtime: remove -tags=threadprof in tests

Use an enviroment variable rather than a build tag to control starting
a busy loop thread when testprogcgo starts. This lets us skip another
build that invokes the C compiler and linker, which should avoid
timeouts running the runtime tests.

Fixes #44422

Change-Id: I516668d71a373da311d844990236566ff63e6d72
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/379294


Trust: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
Run-TryBot: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Bryan Mills <bcmills@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>