cmd/go: report an error for 'go list -m ...' outside a module

Previously, we just reported an error for "all". Now we report an
error for any pattern that matches modules in the build list. The
build list can only contain the module "command-line-arguments", so
these patterns are not meaningful.

Fixes #35728

Change-Id: Ibc736491ec9164588f9657c09d1b9683b33cf1de
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/208222


Run-TryBot: Jay Conrod <jayconrod@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Dmitri Shuralyov <dmitshur@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Bryan C. Mills <bcmills@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>