runtime/internal/syscall: new package for linux

Add a generic syscall package for use by the runtime. Eventually we'd
like to clean up system calls in the runtime to use more code generation
and be moved out of the main runtime package.

The implementations of the assembly functions are based on copies of
syscall.RawSyscall6, modified slightly for more consistency between
arches. e.g., renamed trap to num, always set syscall num register
first.

For now, this package is just the bare minimum needed for
doAllThreadsSyscall to make an arbitrary syscall.

For #51087.
For #50113.

Change-Id: Ibecb5e6303279ce15286759e1cd6a2ddc52f7c72
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/383999


Trust: Michael Pratt <mpratt@google.com>
Run-TryBot: Michael Pratt <mpratt@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>