strconv: parse hex floats

This CL updates ParseFloat to recognize
standard hexadecimal floating-point constants.
See golang.org/design/19308-number-literals for background.

For #29008.

Change-Id: I45f3b0c36b5d92c0e8a4b35c05443a83d7a6d4b3
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/160241


Run-TryBot: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Robert Griesemer <gri@golang.org>